KS3 biology also involves working scientifically: choosing variables, collecting samples, using tables and graphs, and judging what results show. Here is an invented practice dataset, not the results of a real investigation. Four equal-area sample squares are used in each of two lawns.
Lawn A: 2, 4, 3, 3 daisies. Total = 12. Mean = 12 ÷ 4 = 3 daisies per sample square.
Lawn B: 7, 9, 8, 8 daisies. Total = 32. Mean = 32 ÷ 4 = 8 daisies per sample square.
The mean is the total count divided by the number of sample squares. The calculation supports this conclusion: “The sampled areas of lawn B had more daisies per square on average than those of lawn A.”
It does not support “Sunlight caused more daisies to grow in B.” The data contain no measurements of sunlight. Nor do four squares necessarily represent a whole lawn. Keeping square size the same makes the counts comparable; sampling more positions across each lawn would help assess whether the pattern is representative.
A useful follow-up is to ask the pupil to choose an improvement and explain its purpose. “Sample more parts of each lawn so one unusually crowded patch has less influence” gives a reason. “Make it more accurate” alone does not explain what to change. A tutor can use this kind of exercise to connect a calculation with the biological argument that follows it.